In Luganville, taxis and minibuses (buses) are common and affordable—agree on fares beforehand. Car rentals are available in Luganville but require a local license (obtainable from police). Driving is on the right; roads are often unpaved and rough outside town. Boats are essential for accessing outer islands and attractions like Blue Holes—arrange through hotels or tour operators. Domestic flights connect Santo to other islands via airports in Luganville. No ride-sharing apps exist; rely on local transport. Bicycles can be rented for short trips in town. For remote areas, guided tours with 4WD vehicles are recommended.
May to October (dry season) is ideal, with less humidity, lower rainfall, and cooler temperatures (20-28°C), perfect for outdoor activities and diving. July and August are peak tourist months. Avoid November to April (wet season) due to high humidity, heavy rain, and cyclone risk, though it's greener and less crowded. Festivals like Santo Marathon (August) and Independence Day (July 30) offer cultural experiences.
Respect kastom (traditional customs): always ask permission before taking photos of people or entering villages. Dress modestly, especially outside resorts—cover shoulders and knees. Tipping is not expected but appreciated for exceptional service. Greet people with a smile and a nod; handshakes are common. Participate in local ceremonies only if invited. Avoid public displays of affection. Sunday is a day of rest; many businesses close. When visiting nakamals (traditional meeting places/kava bars), follow local etiquette—men typically drink kava, women may not be allowed in some. Support local artisans by buying handicrafts directly from markets.
Sanma is generally safe, with low violent crime. Petty theft like bag-snatching can occur in Luganville and crowded areas—secure valuables. Avoid walking alone at night in unlit areas. Road conditions outside Luganville are poor, with potholes and limited signage; drive cautiously, especially after dark. Scams are rare, but be wary of overly friendly strangers offering unsolicited tours or deals. Respect local customs and land ownership—always ask permission before entering private or kastom land. Natural hazards include cyclones (Nov-Apr), strong currents at beaches, and earthquakes. Follow local advice during severe weather. Swimming and diving should be done with certified operators due to variable conditions.
Medical facilities are limited in Sanma. The Northern District Hospital in Luganville is the main public hospital, with basic emergency services. For serious conditions, medical evacuation to Port Vila or abroad may be necessary. Travelers should have comprehensive travel insurance covering evacuation. Common health concerns include mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever and malaria—use insect repellent and sleep under nets. Tap water is not safe to drink; consume only bottled or boiled water. Recommended vaccinations include Hepatitis A and B, typhoid, and routine immunizations. There are no required vaccinations for entry, but check updates. Private clinics in Luganville offer basic care, but bring essential medications.
