The main hub is Cap-Haïtien. 'Tap-taps' (colorful shared pickup truck taxis) are the ubiquitous and cheapest public transport but can be crowded. Motorcycle taxis ('moto') are common for short trips; negotiate fare and wear a helmet. For longer trips or sightseeing (e.g., to the Citadelle), hiring a private 4x4 vehicle with a driver/guide is highly recommended due to rough roads. Car rentals are available but not advised for unfamiliar drivers due to challenging road conditions and signage. There are no ride-sharing apps like Uber. Inter-city buses and minibuses connect to Port-au-Prince and other towns.
December to March (dry season) offers the most pleasant weather with less rain and lower humidity, ideal for hiking to the Citadelle and beach visits. July and August are hotter but also dry. Avoid the rainy seasons (April-June and September-November) due to heavy downpours, potential flooding, and road disruptions. The vibrant Easter Rara festivals provide a unique cultural experience but expect larger crowds.
Haitian culture is warm and respectful. Greet people with a handshake. French/Creole greetings (Bonjou, Mesi) are appreciated. Dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites or rural areas—avoid beachwear in town. Tipping is customary: 10-15% in restaurants if service isn't included; tip hotel staff, drivers, and guides. Always ask permission before taking photos of people. Be patient, as schedules are often fluid ('island time'). Respect religious practices, including Vodou, which is an integral part of the culture.
Exercise increased caution. Political demonstrations can occur; avoid crowds and protests. Petty crime like pickpocketing is common in crowded areas of Cap-Haïtien; use hotel safes and avoid displaying valuables. Use registered taxi services or hotel-recommended drivers. Avoid traveling alone at night. Road conditions are poor, and driving can be hazardous. The route to the Citadelle is generally safe with a guide. Stay informed via local contacts and your embassy. Scams targeting tourists (overcharging, 'tour guides' without credentials) occur; agree on all prices beforehand. The Labadee resort area is privately secured.
Travelers should have comprehensive travel insurance covering medical evacuation. Recommended vaccinations include Hepatitis A & B, Typhoid, and routine shots. Malaria prophylaxis is advised for rural areas. Zika, Dengue, and Chikungunya are present; use insect repellent. Tap water is unsafe; drink only bottled or purified water. Medical facilities are limited. Hôpital Universitaire Justinien in Cap-Haïtien is the main public hospital but may lack resources. Private clinics like Centre Médical du Sacré-Coeur offer better care for a fee. Carry a well-stocked personal medical kit, including prescription medications and anti-diarrheal drugs.
