The main transport hub is Urgench city, which has an international airport (UGC) with flights from Tashkent. Shared taxis ('marshrutkas') and buses connect Urgench to Khiva (30 min) and other towns. Within Khiva's Ichan Kala, everything is walkable. For longer trips, shared taxis are common and affordable. Ride-hailing apps like Yandex.Taxi operate in Urgench. Car rentals with drivers are available for desert excursions. Trains connect Urgench to Bukhara and Tashkent, but are slower than flying.
Spring (April to early June) and Autumn (September to October) are ideal. Spring offers mild temperatures (15-25°C) and blooming landscapes. Autumn provides pleasant, cool weather perfect for exploring historical sites. Summers (July-August) are extremely hot (often above 40°C), making daytime exploration challenging. Winters (December-February) can be cold and grey. Visiting during Navruz (Persian New Year, March 21) offers vibrant cultural celebrations.
Dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites (covered shoulders and knees). Remove shoes before entering homes and some historic sites. Greetings are important; a handshake is common, but wait for a woman to offer her hand first. Hospitality is central; accepting tea or food is polite. Tipping is not traditionally expected but is appreciated in restaurants (5-10%) and for guides/drivers. Always use your right hand for eating and giving/receiving items. Photography of people, especially women, requires permission.
Xorazm is generally safe for tourists, with low violent crime. Exercise standard precautions: be aware of pickpocketing in crowded bazaars and tourist sites in Khiva. Only use official, registered taxis or reputable apps. Avoid walking alone in poorly lit areas at night. Political gatherings should be avoided. Scams are rare but be cautious with unofficial guides or inflated prices at markets—politely bargain. Respect all local laws and customs. The region is stable, but always stay informed of current travel advisories.
Medical facilities in Xorazm, particularly in Urgench, are basic. For serious issues, evacuation to Tashkent is recommended. Travelers should have comprehensive travel health insurance. Ensure routine vaccinations are up-to-date; Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and Tetanus are advised. Tap water is not safe to drink—consume only bottled or boiled water. Be cautious with food hygiene to avoid traveler's diarrhea. Carry a basic medical kit and any personal prescription medications. Medical services may require immediate cash payment.
