Tigrai

Dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees, and remove your shoes before entering churches as a sign of respect.

Yes, communal dining is common. It's polite to accept food when offered and to eat with your right hand.

Photography is generally allowed, but always ask for permission first, especially during religious ceremonies.

Opt for local eateries and markets, and consider hiring a local guide for group tours to split costs.

Learning a few basic phrases in Tigrinya, the local language, can go a long way. Locals appreciate the effort.

Don't miss 'tihlo,' a traditional barley dumpling dish, and 'injera,' a sourdough flatbread served with various stews.

Respect local religious practices, especially during fasting periods like Lent, when many locals abstain from animal products.

Support local businesses, avoid single-use plastics, and respect natural and cultural sites by not leaving any waste behind.

Yes, most nationalities need a visa. E-visa available online or on arrival at Addis Ababa airport.

Ethiopian Birr (ETB). Cash is king; ATMs are limited in Tigrai. Bring USD or EUR to exchange.

In tourist areas and hotels, yes. In rural areas, Tigrinya and Amharic are dominant.

Only in upscale hotels and some restaurants in Mekelle. Carry cash for most transactions.

Staples include injera (sourdough flatbread) with spicy stews (wat). Vegetarian options are common.

No. Drink bottled or purified water. Avoid ice in drinks.

Lightweight clothing for day, warm layers for evenings (especially in highlands), sturdy walking shoes, sun protection, and a reusable water bottle.

Avoid public displays of affection. Do not point with your finger; use your chin or whole hand.

Fly from Addis Ababa to Mekelle or Lalibela. Overland buses are available but long.

Not in military areas or some churches. Always ask permission before photographing people.

Slow and unreliable. 3G/4G in cities, but limited in rural areas.

It's safer and recommended to hire a local guide, especially in the Simien Mountains and Danakil.