Mao

Always remove your shoes before entering, and bring a small gift such as tea or sugar as a token of appreciation.

Shared taxis often wait until they are full before departing, so be prepared for delays. Negotiate fares in advance.

The hot season (March to May) can be extremely harsh, so plan outdoor activities for early morning or late afternoon.

Meals are often eaten communally from a shared plate. Use your right hand for eating, as the left hand is considered unclean.

Alcohol consumption is generally frowned upon, and public drunkenness is rare. Respect local Islamic traditions, especially during Ramadan.

Stay in guesthouses instead of hotels, eat at local markets, and use shared transportation to cut costs.

Always ask for permission before photographing people, especially women and religious sites. Some places may prohibit photography altogether.

Politeness is highly valued. Speak softly and avoid confrontational language. Learning a few basic Arabic or Kanembu phrases will be appreciated.

Support local artisans by purchasing handmade goods, avoid single-use plastics, and conserve water, as it is a scarce resource in the region.

Yes, most nationalities need a visa for Chad. Obtain in advance from a Chadian embassy.

No, French and Arabic are official. Learn basic French phrases.

Central African CFA franc (XAF). Cash is king; no ATMs in Mao.

No, bring enough cash (preferably euros or dollars) to exchange.

No, drink only bottled or purified water.

Basic guesthouses exist; book through a local agency.

Lightweight long clothing, sun hat, sturdy shoes, flashlight, mosquito net, and first-aid kit.