Opt for modest clothing; women should cover shoulders and knees, and men should avoid shorts in conservative areas. Loose-fitting, breathable fabrics are ideal for both comfort and cultural respect.

Remove shoes before entering, dress modestly, and avoid visiting during prayer times unless you are participating. Women may be required to cover their hair with a scarf.

It’s common to eat with your right hand, as the left is considered unclean. Always accept tea or coffee when offered, as refusing can be seen as impolite.

Don’t miss kibbeh (spiced meatballs), fattoush (a tangy salad), and baklava (a sweet pastry). Aleppo is particularly famous for its unique take on these dishes.

Stay in locally-owned guesthouses, eat at small family-run restaurants, and use shared taxis or minibuses for transportation. Bargaining is expected in markets, so don’t hesitate to negotiate prices.

Always ask for permission before photographing people, especially women. Avoid taking pictures of military or government buildings, as this can lead to serious consequences.

Support local artisans by purchasing handmade goods, avoid single-use plastics, and respect water usage, especially in arid regions. Consider staying in eco-friendly accommodations if available.

A handshake is common, but close friends and family may exchange kisses on the cheek. Always greet elders first as a sign of respect.

Spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) offer mild weather, ideal for exploring. Summers can be extremely hot, especially in desert areas, while winters can be cold and rainy.

Public displays of affection are frowned upon, and alcohol consumption is generally reserved for private settings. Respect local religious practices, especially during Ramadan.

Shared taxis (service taxis) are a common and affordable way to travel between cities, but they may not leave until all seats are filled. Be prepared for informal schedules and frequent stops.

Learn a few basic Arabic phrases, as English is not widely spoken outside major cities. Using gestures and a smile can go a long way in bridging language gaps.