Kolkata has an extensive metro, buses, trams, and abundant yellow taxis. App-based cabs (Ola, Uber) are reliable in cities. For intercity travel, use Indian Railways (book via IRCTC) or long-distance AC buses. The Darjeeling Toy Train is a scenic heritage experience. In hill areas, shared jeeps are common. Auto-rickshaws are useful for short trips; negotiate fares beforehand. Renting a car with a driver is recommended for exploring rural areas and the Sundarbans. Ferries and boats are essential for Sundarbans exploration.
October to March is ideal, with pleasant, cool weather (15-25°C). This period includes major festivals like Durga Puja (Sept/Oct) and Christmas in Darjeeling. The hill stations (Darjeeling, Kalimpong) are best from March to May and October to November. Avoid the monsoon (June-September) due to heavy rains, flooding, and high humidity, and the intense heat of April-May.
Greet with a 'Namaskar' (folded hands). Dress modestly, especially at religious sites (cover shoulders and knees). Remove shoes before entering homes and temples. Use your right hand for eating and giving/receiving items. Tipping is appreciated: 5-10% in restaurants if service charge isn't included, small amounts for porters and drivers. Respect local festivals and processions. Photography may be restricted at bridges, airports, and in some tribal areas; always ask permission. Bengalis are passionate about literature, arts, and politics; respectful discussions are welcomed.
West Bengal is generally safe for tourists. Exercise normal precautions: avoid isolated areas at night, be vigilant in crowded markets and on public transport against pickpockets. Use registered taxis or app-based rides (Ola/Uber) in cities. Be cautious of over-friendly strangers offering unsolicited tours or deals. Political demonstrations can occur; avoid large gatherings. In the Sundarbans, always use licensed guides and boats. Solo female travelers should dress modestly and use caution at night. Road safety is a concern; be extremely careful when crossing streets and consider trained drivers for long trips.
Travelers should ensure routine vaccinations are up-to-date and consider Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and Tetanus. Malaria and Dengue are risks, especially in rural and monsoon seasons (June-September); use mosquito repellent and nets. Drink only bottled or purified water and avoid street food with uncooked ingredients. Air pollution in Kolkata can aggravate respiratory issues. Medical facilities are good in Kolkata (Apollo, AMRI, Fortis) and Darjeeling (Planter's Hospital), but rural areas have limited services. Carry a comprehensive travel health insurance and any personal prescription medications.
